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The case of no circles

Suppose first that there are no circles at all (n = 0). Then tex2html_wrap_inline1891 is all of tex2html_wrap_inline1411 , and we can make all of our tubes vertical (parallel to the z-axis). The cross-section of the tubes grows exponentially as a function of the length along the tube, thanks to the factor of tex2html_wrap_inline1993 in the metric: Let dx dy denote the cross-section of a tube at height 1, that is, where it passes through the surface z=1. Then the cross-section at height h is

But moving from height 1 to height h corresponds to going a distance

along the tube, so the cross-section as a function of distance along the tube is

Applying the final proposition of section 2, we conclude that

In fact,

so by cutting we haven't thrown anything away.



Peter Doyle